A fresh set of 20 random questions is generated every time you open this page and every time you refresh it.For each of the following multiple choice questions, choose the most appropriate answer :
1. Indicate the chemical mediator in the antinociceptive descending pathways:
A. BETA-endorphin
B. Met- and leu-enkephalin
C. Dynorphin
D. All of these
2. Characteristics of carvedilol include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. It is a beta1-selective antagonist
B. It has both alfa1-selective and beta-blocking effects
C. It attenuates oxygen free radical-initiated lipid peroxidation
D. It inhibits vascular smooth muscle mitogenesis
3. NET is a symporter of what ion?
A. K+
B. Ca++
C. Cl-
D. Na+
4. Indicate the drug which increases absorption of iron from intestine:
A. Cyanocobalamin
B. Folic acid
C. Ascorbic acid
D. Erythropoetin
5. For the human clinical trials, what initial doses are used?
A. 1 2 NED
B. 1/2 1 NED
C. 1/10 1 NED
D. 1/100 1/10 NED
6. Which of the following is an example of a drug acting directly through receptors?
A. Protamine binds stoichiometrically to heparin anticoagulants
B. Adrenergic beta blockers for thyroid hormone-induced tachycardia
C. Epinephrine for increasing heart rate and blood pressure
D. Cancer chemotherapeutic agents
7. Which of the following processes proceeds in the second phase of biotransformation?
A. Acetylation
B. Reduction
C. Oxidation
D. Hydrolysis
8. Which of the following nitrates and nitrite drugs is a short-acting drug?
A. Nitroglycerin, 2% ointment (Nitrol)
B. Nitroglycerin, oral sustained-release (Nitrong)
C. Amyl nitrite, inhalant (Aspirols, Vaporole)
D. Sustac
9. What clinical trial phase involves small does up to profound physiologic responses, or up to minor toxicity (pharmacokinetics)?
A. Phase 1
B. Phase 2
C. Phase 3
D. Phase 4
10. Half life (t ½) doesnt depend on:
A. Biotransformation
B. Time of drug absorption
C. Concentration of a drug in plasma
D. Rate of drug elimination
11. Which of the following local anesthetics is a thiophene derivative?
A. Procaine
B. Ultracaine
C. Lidocaine
D. Mepivacaine
12. Physiologic doses of glucocorticoid can result in:
A. Increased liver glycogen stores, gluconeogenesis and lipolysis
B. Maintenance of cardiovascular function (by potentiation of norepinephrine) and skeletal muscle function
C. Increased hemoglobin synthesis, resulting in elevated of red blood cell count
D. All of these
13. Which of the following drugs irreversibly damages VMAT?
A. Tyramine
B. Guanethidine
C. Reserpine
D. Propranolol
14. Which of the following agents is the most helpful in counteracting the behavioral complications of levodopa?
A. Tolkapone
B. Clozapine
C. Carbidopa
D. Pergolide
15. Biological barriers include all except:
A. Renal tubules
B. Cell membranes
C. Capillary walls
D. Placenta
16. In equivalent concentrations, steroids are more potent in which form:
A. Gel
B. Cream
C. Ointment
D. Lotion
17. Most of non-narcotic analgetics have:
A. Anti-inflammatory effect
B. Analgesic effect
C. Antipyretic effect
D. All of these
18. Indicate the agents of choice in the treatment of most anxiety states:
A. Barbiturates
B. Benzodiazepines
C. Lithium salts
D. Phenothiazines
19. Immunosupressive effect of glucocorticoids is caused by:
A. Reducing concentration of lymphocytes (T and B cells) and inhibiting function of tissue macrophages and other antigen-presenting cells
B. Suppression of cyclooxygenase II expression which results in reducing amount of an enzyme available to produce prostoglandins
C. Activation of phospholipase A2 and reducing prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis.
D. All of these
20. Which competitive neuromuscular blocking agent could be used in patients with renal failure?
A. Atracurium
B. Succinylcholine
C. Pipecuronium
D. Doxacurium
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