Chapter
5. Cardiovascular System
Aorta has four components
viz
|
An
|
1. Ascending aorta
|
|
Ace
|
2. Arch of aorta
|
|
Trail
|
3. Thoracic aorta
|
|
Arrives
|
4. Abdominal aorta
|
1.
Ascending aorta
A. Right
coronary artery
|
Rarely
|
1. Right atrial
|
|
People
|
2. Posterior descending
|
|
Ride
|
3. Right marginal
|
|
Passenger
|
4. Preventricular
|
|
Train
|
5. Transverse
|
B.
Left coronary artery
|
A
|
1. Anterior descending
|
|
Care
|
2.Circumflex
|
|
Less
|
3. Left marginal
|
|
Lady
|
4. Left atrial
|
|
Teacher
|
5. Terminal
|
2. Arch of aorta
|
I
|
A. Innominate
|
1. Right common carotid
|
|
|
2. Right subclavian
|
|
Like
|
B. Left common carotid
|
|
|
Lemons
|
C. Left subclavian
|
|
Relations
Arch of Aorta
|
A. Posterior and
to the right
|
|
|
Taste
|
|
1. Trachea
|
|
Only
|
|
2. Oesophagus
|
|
Last
|
|
3. Left recurrent
laryngeal nerve
|
|
Three
|
|
4. Thoracic duct
|
|
Varieties
|
|
5. Vertebral column
|
|
B. Anterior and to
the left
|
|
|
Long
|
|
1. Lung and pleura
|
|
Live
|
|
2. Left phrenic
|
|
Lovely
|
|
3. Left vagus
|
|
Charming
|
|
4. Cardiac nerves
|
|
Star
|
|
5. Superior intercostal
vein
|
|
C. Below
|
|
|
Low
|
|
1. Left bronchus
|
|
Rivers
|
|
2. Right pulmonary
artery
|
|
Lose
|
|
3. Ligamentum arteriosum
|
|
Land
|
|
4. Left recurrent
laryngeal nerve
|
|
Surface
|
|
5. Superficial cardiac
plexus
|
|
D. Above
|
|
|
Lost
|
|
1. Left common carotid
|
|
Lighter
|
|
2. Left subclavian
|
|
In
|
|
3. Innominate
|
|
The
|
|
4. Thymus
|
|
Lane
|
|
5. Left innominate
vein
|
Common
Carotid Artery
|
|
|
1. External carotid
|
|
|
Some
|
|
|
a. Superior thyroid
|
|
High
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hyoid
|
|
Standard
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sternocleidomastoid
|
|
Schools
|
|
|
|
|
|
Superior laryngeal
|
|
Create
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cricothyroid
|
|
Many
|
|
|
|
|
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Muscular
|
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Genius
|
|
|
|
|
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Glandular
|
|
Arrogant
|
|
|
b. Asending pharyngeal
|
|
People
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pharyngeal
|
|
Put
|
|
|
|
|
|
Palatine
|
|
Purse
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prevertebral
|
|
In
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferior tympanic
|
|
Pocket
|
|
|
|
|
|
Posterior meningeal
|
|
Lady
|
|
|
c. Lingual
|
|
He
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hyoid
|
|
Distributed
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dorsal
|
|
Some
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sublingual
|
|
Pencils
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profunda linguae
|
|
Education
|
|
|
d. External maxillary
(Facial)
|
|
A
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ascending palatine
|
|
Tall
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tonsillar
|
|
Girl
|
|
|
|
|
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Glandular
|
|
Should
|
|
|
|
|
|
Submental
|
|
Marry
|
|
|
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
In
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferior labial
|
|
Lower
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lateral nasal
|
|
Age
|
|
|
|
|
|
Angular
|
|
Officer
|
|
|
e. Occipital
|
|
M
|
|
|
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
S
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sternocleidomastoid
|
|
After
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auricular
|
|
M
|
|
|
|
|
|
Meningeal
|
|
D
|
|
|
|
|
|
Descending mastoid
|
|
Means
|
|
|
|
|
|
Medial terminal
|
|
Loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lateral terminal
|
|
Pricking
|
|
|
f. Posterior auricular
|
|
May
|
|
|
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
Anyone
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auricular
|
|
Stay
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stylomstoid
|
|
On
|
|
|
|
|
|
Occipital
|
|
Please
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parotid
|
|
Senior
|
|
|
g. Superficial temporal
|
|
Turn
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transverse facial
|
|
And
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anterior articular
|
|
Meet
|
|
|
|
|
|
Middle temporal
|
|
Preity
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parotid
|
|
Zinta
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zygomatic orbital
|
|
From
|
|
|
|
|
|
Frontal
|
|
Park
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parietal
|
|
Avenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
Articular
|
|
Inspectors
|
|
|
h. Internal maxillary
|
|
|
My
|
|
|
i. Mandibular portion
|
|
Assistant
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anterior tympanic
|
|
Divisional
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deep auricular
|
|
Manager
|
|
|
|
|
|
Middle meningeal
|
|
Air
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accessory meningeal
|
|
India
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inferior alveolar
|
|
|
Party
|
|
|
ii. Pterygoid portion
|
|
Delhi
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deep temporal
|
|
Public
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pterigoid
|
|
Milk
|
|
|
|
|
|
Masseter
|
|
Booths
|
|
|
|
|
|
Buccinator
|
|
|
|
|
|
iii. Pterygo-palatine
portion
|
|
Pakistani
|
|
Place
|
|
|
|
Posterior superior
|
|
And
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alveolar
|
|
Indian
|
|
|
|
|
|
Infraorbital
|
|
Dancers'
|
|
|
|
|
|
Descending palatine
|
|
Association
|
|
|
|
|
|
Artery of pterygoid
canal
|
|
Playing
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pharyngeal
|
|
Skit
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sphenopalatine
|
|
|
|
2. Internal carotid
|
|
|
|
People
|
|
|
i. Petrous portion
|
|
|
Chartered
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corticotympanic
|
|
|
Accountants
|
|
|
|
|
|
Artery of pterygoid
canal
|
|
|
|
Can
|
|
|
ii.Cavernous portion
|
|
|
Charge
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cavernous
|
|
|
Heavily;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hypoglossal
|
|
|
Some
|
|
|
|
|
|
Semilunar
|
|
|
Assistants
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anterior meningeal
|
|
|
Often
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ophthalmic
|
|
|
|
Come
|
|
|
iii. Cerebral portion
|
|
|
Are
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anterior cerebral
|
|
|
Minimum
|
|
|
|
|
|
Middle cerebral
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
Posterior communicating
|
|
|
Chargers
|
|
|
|
|
|
Choroid
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Relations of Common Carotid Artery
Common
Carotid Artery
|
A. Anterior
|
|
|
Some
|
|
1. Sternohyoid
|
|
Senior
|
|
2. Sternothyroid
|
|
Lady
|
|
3. Left pleura -
anterior portion
|
|
Left
|
|
4. Left brachiocephalic
vein
|
|
Tennis
|
|
5. Thymus
|
|
B. Posterior
|
|
|
The
|
|
1. Trachea
|
|
Little
|
|
2. Left subclavian
artery
|
|
Lad
|
|
3. Left edge of oesophagus
|
|
Licking
|
|
4. Left recurrent
laryngeal nerve
|
|
Tomato
|
|
5. Thoracic duct
|
|
C. Right
|
|
|
Better
|
|
1. Brachiocephalic
trunk
|
|
Travel
|
|
2. Trachea
|
|
In
|
|
3. Inferior thyroid
veins
|
|
Train
|
|
4. Thymus
|
|
D. Left
|
|
|
Ladies
|
|
1. Left vagus nerve
|
|
Pay
|
|
2. Phrenic nerve
|
|
Little
|
|
3. Left pleura and
lung
|
Subclavian
Artery
|
Very
|
|
1. Vertebral
|
|
|
|
|
|
a. Cervical
|
|
|
Share
|
|
|
Spinal
|
|
Market
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
|
|
b.Cranial
|
|
|
M
|
|
|
Meningeal
|
|
P's
|
|
|
Posterior spinal
|
|
And
|
|
|
Anterior spinal
|
|
M
|
|
|
Medullary
|
|
P's
|
|
|
Posterior inferior
|
|
Coming
|
|
|
Cerebellar
|
|
Tall
|
|
2. Thyrocervical
trunk
|
|
|
|
International
|
|
|
Inferior thyroid
|
|
Travel
|
|
|
Transverse scapular
|
|
Ticket
|
|
|
Tranverse cervical
|
|
Insurance
|
|
3. Internal mammary
|
|
|
|
Pick
|
|
|
Pericardiacophrenic
|
|
And
|
|
|
Anterior mediastinal
|
|
Try
|
|
|
Thymic
|
|
Pashmina
|
|
|
Pericardial
|
|
Shawls
|
|
|
Sternal
|
|
And
|
|
|
Anterior intercostal
|
|
Pure
|
|
|
Perforating
|
|
Material
|
|
|
Musculophrenic
|
|
Sarees
|
|
|
Superior epigastric
|
|
Claim
|
|
4. Costo-cervical
trunk
|
|
|
|
Some
|
|
|
Superior intercostal
|
|
Decent
|
|
|
Deep cervical
|
|
Assistant
|
|
|
Aberrant
|
|
Subclavian artery continues as
Axillary artery
|
Axillary
artery
|
Heavy
|
|
1. Highest thoracic
|
|
|
Talented
|
|
2. Thoracoacromial
|
|
|
Pay
|
|
Pectoral
|
|
And
|
|
Acromial
|
|
Come
|
|
Clavicular
|
|
Down
|
|
Deltoid
|
|
Lovely
|
|
3. Lateral thoracic
(External mammary)
|
|
|
Smart
|
|
4. Subcapsular
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
Scapular circumflex
|
|
Tax
|
|
Thoracodorsal
|
|
Personal
|
|
5. Posterior humeral
circumflex
|
|
|
Most
|
|
Muscular
|
|
Apes
|
|
Articular
|
|
Never
|
|
Nutrient
|
|
Attack
|
|
Acromial
|
|
Assistant
|
|
6. Anterior humeral
|
|
|
My
|
|
Muscular
|
|
Big
|
|
Bicipital
|
|
Pen
|
|
Pectoral
|
|
Axillary artery continues as
Brachial artery
|
Brachial
Artery
|
Police
|
|
1. Profunda brachii
|
|
|
|
|
Deltoid
|
|
|
|
Middle collateral
|
|
|
|
Radial collateral
|
|
|
|
Nutrient
|
|
Never
|
|
2. Nutrient
|
|
|
Make
|
|
3. Muscular
|
|
|
Second
|
|
4. Superior ulnar
collateral
|
|
|
Information
|
|
5. Inferior ulnar
collateral
|
|
|
Report
|
|
6. Radial : In forearm
|
|
|
Regional
|
|
Radial recurrent
|
|
Mutton
|
|
Muscular
|
|
Vendors
|
|
Volar radial carpal
|
|
Society
|
|
Superior volar
|
|
|
(Radial) : At wrist
|
|
|
Did
|
|
Dorsal radial carpal
|
|
Finally
|
|
First dorsal metacarpal
|
|
|
(Radial) : In hand
|
|
|
Publish
|
|
Princeps pollicis
|
|
Very
|
|
Volaris indicis radialis
|
|
Very
|
|
Volar metacarpal
(3)
|
|
Purposeful
|
|
Perforating (3)
|
|
Research
|
|
Recurrent
|
|
Urgently
|
|
7. Ulnar : In forearm
|
|
|
A
|
|
Anterior ulnar recurrent
|
|
P
|
|
Posterior ulnar recurrent
|
|
C
|
|
Common interosseous
|
|
May
|
|
Muscular
|
|
|
(Ulnar) : At wrist
|
|
|
Develop
|
|
Dorsal carpal
|
|
Very
|
|
Volar carpal
|
|
|
(Ulnar) : In hand
|
|
|
Distressing
|
|
Deep volar
|
|
Stomachache
|
|
Superficial volar
arch
|
3.Descending
Thoracic Aorta
|
Very
|
|
|
Visceral
|
|
|
|
|
Please
|
|
|
Pericardial
|
|
|
|
Buy
|
|
|
Bronchial
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
Oesophageal
|
|
|
|
Material
|
|
|
Mediastinal
|
|
|
|
Painful
|
|
|
Parietal
|
|
|
|
|
Indian
|
|
|
Intercostal (9 pairs)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anterior ramus
|
|
|
|
Coming
|
|
|
|
Collateral Intercostal
|
|
|
Late
|
|
|
|
Lateral Cutaneous
|
|
|
Mr
|
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
|
Montu
|
|
|
|
Mammary.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Posterior ramus
|
|
|
Some
|
|
|
|
Spinal branch
|
|
|
Members
|
|
|
|
Muscular branches
|
|
|
Coming
|
|
|
|
Cutaneous branches
|
|
Security
|
|
|
Subcostal
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Posterior branch
|
|
Services
|
|
|
Superior phrenic
|
|
|
Begins
At left side of lower border of 4th thoracic vertebra as continuation of
the arch of aorta
Ends
In front of the lower border of 12th dorsal vertebra at the aortic
hiatus in the diaphragm, by becoming abdominal aorta
Relations
|
A. Anterior (From
above downwards)
|
|
Rude
|
|
1. Root of left lung
|
|
Persons
|
|
2. Pericardium
|
|
Offen
|
|
3. Oesophagus (at
lower part of thorax)
|
|
Decline
|
|
4. Diaphragm
|
|
B. Posterior
|
|
|
|
1. Vertebral column
|
|
|
2. Hemiazygos vein
|
|
C. Right
|
|
|
A
|
|
1. Azygos vein
|
|
Tall
|
|
2. Thoracic duct
|
|
Officer
|
|
3. Oesophagus (at
upper part)
|
|
D. Left
|
|
|
Pretty
|
|
1. Pleura
|
|
Lady
|
|
2. Left lung
|
|
Officer
|
|
3. Oesophagus (close
to diaphragm)
|
4.
Abdominal Aorta
|
Caesarean
|
|
|
A. Coeliac
|
|
Lone
|
|
|
1. Left gastric
|
|
|
Ozone
|
|
|
Oesophageal branches
|
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
Gastric branches
|
|
Constable
|
|
|
2. Common hepatic
|
|
|
Can't
|
|
|
Cystic (Proper hepatic)
|
|
|
Really
|
|
|
Right gastric
|
|
|
Guess
|
|
|
Gastroduodenal
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Right Gastroepiploic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Superior Pancreaticoduodenal
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supraduodenal
|
|
Sleeping
|
|
|
3. Splenic
|
|
|
Please
|
|
|
Pancreatic magna
|
|
|
|
Leave
|
|
|
Left gastroepiploic
|
|
|
|
Some
|
|
|
Short gastric
|
|
|
|
Thing
|
|
|
Terminal splenic
|
|
|
Section
|
|
|
B. Superior mesenteric
|
|
Ill
|
|
|
1. Inferior pancreatico-duodenal
|
|
Intentions
|
|
|
2. Intestinal
|
|
In
|
|
|
3. Ileo-colic
|
|
Rosy's
|
|
|
4. Right colic
|
|
Mind
|
|
|
5. Middle colic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In
|
|
|
C. Inferior mesenteric
|
|
Light
|
|
|
1. Left colic
|
|
Shade
|
|
|
2. Sigmoid
|
|
Superb
|
|
|
3. Superior haemorrhoidal
|
|
Many
|
|
|
D. Middle suprarenal
|
|
Races
|
|
|
E. Renal
|
|
Injured
|
|
|
1. Inferior suprarenal
|
|
Cops
|
|
|
2. Capsular or perirenal
|
|
Under
|
|
|
3. Ureteric
|
|
Treatment
|
|
|
4. Terminal
|
|
Induces
|
|
|
F. Internal spermatic
or ovarian
|
|
Irregular
|
|
|
G. Inferior phrenic
|
|
Many
|
|
|
1. Medial
|
|
Ladies
|
|
|
2. Lateral
|
|
Smartly
|
|
|
3. Superior suprarenal
|
|
Handle
|
|
|
4. Hepatic
|
|
P
|
|
|
5. Pericardial
|
|
C
|
|
|
6. Caval (right side
only)
|
|
O'
|
|
|
7. Oesophageal (left
side only)
|
|
s
|
|
|
8. Splenic (left
side only)
|
|
Late
|
|
|
H. Lumbar (4 pairs)
|
|
Menstrual
|
|
|
I. Middle sacral
|
|
Cycle
|
|
|
J. Common iliac -
Anterior trunk
|
|
Some
|
|
|
1. Superior vesical
|
|
|
Universal
|
|
|
Urachal
|
|
|
|
Underwears
|
|
|
Ureteric
|
|
|
|
Very
|
|
|
Vesical
|
|
|
|
Delicate
|
|
|
Deferential
|
|
|
Medical
|
|
|
2. Middle vesical
|
|
Men
|
|
|
3. Middle haemorrhoidal
|
|
Ofen
|
|
|
4. Obturator
|
|
|
Invite
|
|
|
Iliac
|
|
|
|
Very
|
|
|
Vesical
|
|
|
|
Prominent
|
|
|
Pubic
|
|
|
|
And
|
|
|
Anterior terminal
|
|
|
|
Popular
|
|
|
Posterior terminal
|
|
|
|
Medical
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
|
|
Advisers
|
|
|
Acetabular
|
|
|
Invest
|
|
|
5. Internal pudendal
|
|
|
Men
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
|
|
Inside
|
|
|
Inferior haemorrhoidal
|
|
|
|
Push
|
|
|
Perineal
|
|
|
|
Upper
|
|
|
Urethral
|
|
|
|
Door
|
|
|
Deep artery of penis/clitoris
|
|
|
In
|
|
|
6. Inferior gluteal
|
|
|
My
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
|
|
Very
|
|
|
Vesical
|
|
|
|
Caring
|
|
|
Coccygeal
|
|
|
|
Aunt
|
|
|
Anastomotic
|
|
|
|
Arriving
|
|
|
Articular
|
|
|
Unique
|
|
|
7. Uterine
|
|
Ventures
|
|
|
8. Vaginal
|
|
|
|
Common iliac - Posterior
trunk
|
|
In
|
|
|
1. Ilio-lumbar
|
|
|
|
|
|
Iliac
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lumbar
|
|
|
Late
|
|
|
2. Lateral sacral
|
|
Sixties
|
|
|
3. Superior gluteal
|
|
|
Money
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
|
|
In
|
|
|
Iliac
|
|
|
|
Safe
|
|
|
Superficial
|
|
|
|
Deposit
|
|
|
Deep
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Abdominal
Aorta
Begins
At the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm, in front of the lower border of
the body of the last thoracic vertebra
Ends
On the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra, commonly a little to the left
of the middle line, 103 by dividing into the two common iliac arteries
Relations
|
A. Anterior
|
|
|
Little
|
|
Lesser omentum
|
|
School
|
|
Stomach
|
|
Boy
|
|
Branches of the celiac
artery
|
|
Broke
|
|
Branches of the celiac
plexus
|
|
Some
|
|
Splenic vein
|
|
Parking
|
|
Pancreas
|
|
Lights
|
|
Left renal vein
|
|
During
|
|
Duodenum, inferior
part
|
|
My
|
|
Mesentery
|
|
Absence
|
|
Aortic plexus
|
|
B. Posterior
|
|
|
All
|
|
Anterior longitudinal
ligament
|
|
Indian
|
|
Intervertebral fibrocartilages
|
|
Lads
|
|
Left lumbar veins
|
|
Leaning
|
|
Lumbar vertebra
|
|
C. Right
|
|
|
Anyone
|
|
Azygos vein
|
|
Can
|
|
Cisterna chyli
|
|
Try
|
|
Thoracic duct
|
|
Roaming
|
|
Right crus of the
diaphragm
|
|
In
|
|
Inferior vena cava
|
|
Rome
|
|
Right celiac ganglion
|
|
D. Left
|
|
|
Long
|
|
Left crus of the
diaphragm
|
|
Live
|
|
Left celiac ganglion
|
|
Devinder
|
|
Duodenum, ascending
part
|
|
Singh
|
|
Small intestine
|
Common iliac artery
bifurcates into external iliac artery and internal iliac artery
External
Iliac
|
I
|
|
1. Inferior epigastric
|
|
|
Continuing
|
|
a. Cutaneous
|
|
Medical
|
|
b. Muscular
|
|
Education
|
|
c. External spermatic
|
|
Planned
|
|
d. Pubic
|
|
Date
|
|
2. Deep iliac circumflex
|
|
|
|
|
a. Muscular
|
|
|
|
b. Cutaneous
|
|
My
|
|
3. Muscular
|
|
|
Girl
|
|
4. Glandular
|
|
|
External iliac continues as Femoral
artery
|
Femoral
Artery
|
Sardar
|
|
1. Superior epigastric
|
|
|
Christian
|
|
a. Cutaneous
|
|
Medical
|
|
b. Muscular
|
|
Hospital
|
|
c. Hepatic
|
|
Purchased
|
|
d. Peritoneal
|
|
X-Ray
|
|
e. Xiphoid
|
|
Plant
|
|
f. Phrenic
|
|
Santokh
|
|
2. Superficial iliac
circumflex
|
|
|
Man
|
|
a. Muscular
|
|
In
|
|
b. Iliac
|
|
Casuals
|
|
c. Circumflex
|
|
Singh
|
|
3. Superficial external
pudendal
|
|
|
Deputy
|
|
4. Deep external
pudendal
|
|
|
Minister
|
|
5. Muscular
|
|
|
Paid
|
|
6. Profunda femoris
|
|
|
Many
|
|
a. Medial femoral
circumflex
|
|
Ladies
|
|
b. Lateral femoral
circumflex
|
|
Prefer
|
|
c. Perforating (3)
|
|
Men
|
|
d. Muscular
|
|
Homage
|
|
7. Highest genicular
|
|
|
Some
|
|
a. Saphenous
|
|
More
|
|
b. Muscular
|
|
People
|
|
c. Patellar
|
|
Arriving
|
|
d. Articular
|
|
Femoral artery continues as Popliteal
artery
|
Popliteal
Artery
|
Maharashtra
|
|
|
|
1. Muscular
|
|
|
State
|
|
|
|
2. Superior muscular
|
|
|
Second
|
|
|
|
3. Sural
|
|
|
Chief
|
|
|
|
4. Cutaneous
|
|
|
Minister
|
|
|
|
5. Medial superior
genicular
|
|
|
Liked
|
|
|
|
6. Lateral superior
genicular
|
|
|
Many
|
|
|
|
7. Middle genicular
|
|
|
More
|
|
|
|
8. Medial inferior
genicular
|
|
|
Lakes
|
|
|
|
9. Lateral inferior
genicular
|
|
|
And
|
|
|
|
10. Anterior tibial
|
|
|
|
A
|
|
|
a. Anterior tibial
recurrent
|
|
|
Few
|
|
|
b. Fibular
|
|
|
People
|
|
|
c. Posterior tibial
|
|
|
May
|
|
|
d. Muscular
|
|
|
Agree
|
|
|
e. Anterior lateral
malleolar
|
|
|
After
|
|
|
f. Anterior medial
malleolar
|
|
|
Discussion
|
|
|
g. Dorsal pedis (continues
as)
|
|
|
|
Current
|
|
|
Cutaneous
|
|
|
|
Literature
|
|
|
Lateral tarsal
|
|
|
|
Made
|
|
|
Medial tarsal
|
|
|
|
Available
|
|
|
Arcuate
|
|
|
|
For
|
|
|
First dorsal
|
|
|
|
Many
|
|
|
Metatarsal
|
|
|
|
Departments
|
|
|
Deep plantar
|
|
Ponds
|
|
|
|
11. Posterior tibial
|
|
|
People
|
|
|
|
a. Peroneal
|
|
|
|
Many
|
|
|
|
Muscular
|
|
|
|
Nervous
|
|
|
|
Nutrient to fibula
|
|
|
|
People
|
|
|
|
Perforating communicating
|
|
|
|
Live
|
|
|
|
Lateral calcaneal
|
|
|
|
Lonely
|
|
|
|
Lateral posterior
malleolar
|
|
|
Never
|
|
|
|
b. Nutrient to tibia
|
|
|
Mind;
|
|
|
|
c. Muscular
|
|
|
People
|
|
|
|
d. Posterior medial
malleolar
|
|
|
Cheating
|
|
|
|
e. Communicating
|
|
|
Many
|
|
|
|
f. Medial calcaneal
|
|
|
Married
|
|
|
|
g. Medial plantar
|
|
|
Ladies
|
|
|
|
h. Lateral plantar
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Relations
Arch of Aorta
|
A. Posterior and
to the right
|
|
|
Taste
|
|
1. Trachea
|
|
Only
|
|
2. Oesophagus
|
|
Last
|
|
3. Left recurrent
laryngeal nerve
|
|
Three
|
|
4. Thoracic duct
|
|
Varieties
|
|
5. Vertebral column
|
|
B. Anterior and to
the left
|
|
|
Long
|
|
1. Lung and pleura
|
|
Live
|
|
2. Left phrenic
|
|
Lovely
|
|
3. Left vagus
|
|
Charming
|
|
4. Cardiac nerves
|
|
Star
|
|
5. Superior intercostal
vein
|
|
C. Below
|
|
|
Low
|
|
1. Left bronchus
|
|
Rivers
|
|
2. Right pulmonary
artery
|
|
Lose
|
|
3. Ligamentum arteriosum
|
|
Land
|
|
4. Left recurrent
laryngeal nerve
|
|
Surface
|
|
5. Superficial cardiac
plexus
|
|
D. Above
|
|
|
Lost
|
|
1. Left common carotid
|
|
Lighter
|
|
2. Left subclavian
|
|
In
|
|
3. Innominate
|
|
The
|
|
4. Thymus
|
|
Lane
|
|
5. Left innominate
vein
|
Descending
Thoracic Aorta
Begins
At left side of lower border of 4th thoracic vertebra as continuation of
the arch of aorta
Ends
In front of the lower border of 12th dorsal vertebra at the aortic
hiatus in the diaphragm, by becoming abdominal aorta
Relations
|
A. Anterior (From
above downwards)
|
|
Rude
|
|
1. Root of left lung
|
|
Persons
|
|
2. Pericardium
|
|
Offen
|
|
3. Oesophagus (at
lower part of thorax)
|
|
Decline
|
|
4. Diaphragm
|
|
B. Posterior
|
|
|
|
1. Vertebral column
|
|
|
2. Hemiazygos vein
|
|
C. Right
|
|
|
A
|
|
1. Azygos vein
|
|
Tall
|
|
2. Thoracic duct
|
|
Officer
|
|
3. Oesophagus (at
upper part)
|
|
D. Left
|
|
|
Pretty
|
|
1. Pleura
|
|
Lady
|
|
2. Left lung
|
|
Officer
|
|
3. Oesophagus (close
to diaphragm)
|
Abdominal
Aorta
Begins
At the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm, in front of the lower border of
the body of the last thoracic vertebra
Ends
On the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra, commonly a little to the left
of the middle line, 103 by dividing into the two common iliac arteries
Relations
|
A. Anterior
|
|
|
Little
|
|
Lesser omentum
|
|
School
|
|
Stomach
|
|
Boy
|
|
Branches of the celiac
artery
|
|
Broke
|
|
Branches of the celiac
plexus
|
|
Some
|
|
Splenic vein
|
|
Parking
|
|
Pancreas
|
|
Lights
|
|
Left renal vein
|
|
During
|
|
Duodenum, inferior
part
|
|
My
|
|
Mesentery
|
|
Absence
|
|
Aortic plexus
|
|
B. Posterior
|
|
|
All
|
|
Anterior longitudinal
ligament
|
|
Indian
|
|
Intervertebral fibrocartilages
|
|
Lads
|
|
Left lumbar veins
|
|
Leaning
|
|
Lumbar vertebra
|
|
C. Right
|
|
|
Anyone
|
|
Azygos vein
|
|
Can
|
|
Cisterna chyli
|
|
Try
|
|
Thoracic duct
|
|
Roaming
|
|
Right crus of the
diaphragm
|
|
In
|
|
Inferior vena cava
|
|
Rome
|
|
Right celiac ganglion
|
|
D. Left
|
|
|
Long
|
|
Left crus of the
diaphragm
|
|
Live
|
|
Left celiac ganglion
|
|
Devinder
|
|
Duodenum, ascending
part
|
|
Singh
|
|
Small intestine
|
Innominate
Artery
|
A. Anterior
|
|
|
Then
|
|
1. Thymus
|
|
Let
|
|
2. Left innominate
vein
|
|
Me
|
|
3. Manubrium
|
|
Show
|
|
4. Sternoclavicular
joint
|
|
Some
|
|
5. Sternohyoid
|
|
Samples
|
|
6. Sternothyroid
|
|
B. Posterior
|
|
|
|
1. Trachea
|
|
|
2. Lung and pleura
|
|
|
3. Longus cervicis
muscle
|
|
C. Right
|
|
|
|
1. Right innominate
vein
|
|
|
2. Superior vena
cava
|
|
D. Left
|
|
|
|
1. Left common carotid
artery
|
|
|
2. Trachea
|
Common
Carotid Artery
|
A. Anterior
|
|
|
Some
|
|
1. Sternohyoid
|
|
Senior
|
|
2. Sternothyroid
|
|
Lady
|
|
3. Left pleura -
anterior portion
|
|
Left
|
|
4. Left brachiocephalic
vein
|
|
Tennis
|
|
5. Thymus
|
|
B. Posterior
|
|
|
The
|
|
1. Trachea
|
|
Little
|
|
2. Left subclavian
artery
|
|
Lad
|
|
3. Left edge of oesophagus
|
|
Licking
|
|
4. Left recurrent
laryngeal nerve
|
|
Tomato
|
|
5. Thoracic duct
|
|
C. Right
|
|
|
Better
|
|
1. Brachiocephalic
trunk
|
|
Travel
|
|
2. Trachea
|
|
In
|
|
3. Inferior thyroid
veins
|
|
Train
|
|
4. Thymus
|
|
D. Left
|
|
|
Ladies
|
|
1. Left vagus nerve
|
|
Pay
|
|
2. Phrenic nerve
|
|
Little
|
|
3. Left pleura and
lung
|
External
Carotid Artery
|
A. Superficial
|
|
|
Should
|
|
1. Skin
|
|
Senior
|
|
2. Superficial facia
|
|
Doctor
|
|
3. Deep fascia
|
|
See
|
|
4. Sternocleidomastoid
|
|
Patient
|
|
5. Posterior belly
of digastric
|
|
Suffering
|
|
6. Stylohyoid
|
|
From
|
|
7. Facial nerve
|
|
Jaundice?
|
|
8. Junction of superficial
temporal and maxillary veins
|
|
B. Deep
|
|
|
World
|
|
1. Wall of pharynx
|
|
Sports
|
|
2. Superior laryngeal
nerve
|
|
Association
|
|
3. Ascending pharyngeal
artery
|
|
Is
|
|
4. Internal carotid
artery
|
|
Searching
|
|
5. Styloid process
|
|
Some
|
|
6. Styloglossus
|
|
Smart
|
|
7. Stylopharyngeus
|
|
Good
|
|
8. Glossopharyngeal
nerve
|
|
Polo
|
|
9. Pharyngeal branch
of vagus nerve
|
|
Player
|
|
10. Parotid gland
|
(a)
Normal position, external features and parts of the heart; internal features
of the chambers of heart, names of the blood vessels and venous drainage
of the organs, structures and body as a whole, conducting system of heart,
fibroskeleton of heart.
(b)
Variation(s), developmental anomalies of heart and blood vessels, valvular
defects and their effects in pathogenesis of the anomalies.